Melbourne is on target to achieve its fourth warmest July on record, with minimum and maximum temperatures about two degrees above the long-term average. Minimums are averaging more than eight degrees and maximums more than 15, compared to the long-term of six and 13.4 degrees. The last few days will be equally warm, making this the warmest July in four years and fourth warmest on record. In 2005, the average July temperature, combining minimums and maximums, was 11.8. The warmest July was in 1975 when the average was 12 degrees. In only three days this month has the temperature failed to reach the long-term average maximum of 13.4 degrees, the fewest number of days on record. As far as overnight and early morning temperatures go, the coldest has been 3.4 degrees. In a normal July there are three-to-four nights or early mornings where it dips below two degrees. This is largely due to a lack of significant, long-lasting cold spells which are normally a feature in July. The urban heat-island effect is also a cause. Evidence of this is in the temperatures of outer suburbs. Viewbank is running at about half-a-degree above average this month and Scoresby about one above the norm.